Telegraphy.



No. 877,555. PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908.

P.B.DELANY. TELBGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTEDMJAN. 28, 1908.

P. B. DELANY. TELEGRAPHY.

APPLICATION IILED.MAR.25. 1905. I

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

witnesses @lnventoz rA'reIoKn'nnLANY, orsourn ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

EN il re. p

TE LE GBAPHY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jam 28, 1908.

Application filed March 25 1965. Serial No. 251.951:

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK B..DEL NY,

a citizen of the United States, residing at South Orange, county of Essex,Sta'te of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphy, of which 'the following is a specification.

The ob ects of this invention are to increase speed of transmission; relieve the operator from fatigue and nervous strain in case of key transmlssion produce un form signals, in case of key transmission, the personal I peculiarities of transmission otan operator that appear in received signals when he operates an oridnary telegraph key being almost entirely eliminated, and to afford secrecy ofv messages traversing the circuit, the T impulses being suchas to be unintelligible to a wire-tapper however skilled a telegraph oper ator he may be. The methods of operation by which these results are attained are applicable to telegraphic or signaling circuits of various kinds and hence it is not intended by the language of this specification to re strict the invention to a circuit of a' special kind, nor to the apparatus shown in the drawing, which is designed to be illustrative merely of various means'that may be employed.

In the drawings, Figures 1 to 3 inclusive are diagrams illustrating ways of practicing V the methods comprised in this invention.

In Fig. 1, a is a manual key shown as a spring blade movable in either direction from a normal central inactive position. On one side of it is a pair of contacts-b c and on the other side corresponding oppositely arranged contacts b, c

l "The oppositecontacts b, b are shown asspring blades normally bearing upon limiting posts. Between them and normally out of contact with both of them is a cross piece d electrically one with the key.

-'make electrical contact with b and c, the- The opposite contacts 0, c are shownas adjustable screws between which a cross piece 6, also carried by the key blade and electrically one with it, is'normally out of contact with both stops.

MB is the main battery one pole of which is'groun'ded. A connection extends from the middle of the battery to contact I) and from the other pole of tlie battery to contact I). When the key is moved to the right to middle of the battery is connected through the key and thence by wire 1 to line and an bet,

impulse of current representing a ortion only of the battery will be transmitte to the receiving station. A local circuit is also completed from the key by wire 2 through a local battery Z I), coil of relayf and-thence-by wire 3 to a contact post cooperating with a yielding contact g carried by and insulated from the armature lever g of a'second relay The local circuitbeing traced is completed from the yielding contact 9 by wire 4:

to contact 0 of the key. The front stopf of the relay f is connected by wire 5 through local battery Z 6 and coil of relay g and thence by wire 6 to armature lever of relay-j.

of the relay f is manifest or audible to him andcmay represent dots of the ll iorse alpha- The number of dots so reduced will depend. upon the time the key 18 held in con tact with l) and c and experience has shown that an o orator soon becomes so skilled that he may t us, at will, form one or any desired number of dot signals. Assuming that the operator desires to transmit three dots, he would move his key to the right and hold it there during the period of time required for the three dots to be locally manifested to At the same time one half of the main; battery MB would bepermanentlyaclosed to line. The strength of current is such'as to operate the receiving relay h but is insulfi-- clent to o erate the receiving relay t. Re

ceijving re ay 72; being energized by such impulse contmuing for a period of time sufficient for the tormation of say'three dots,

closes its armature lever 71/ against its front contact post it? completing a circuit from the heel of the armature lever through contact if, wire 7, local battery Z coil of relay and thenceby wire 8 to the contact finger lc of a second relay k". The contact finger k normally bears upon an adjustable contact post k connected by wire 9 with the heel or pivot of the armature lever 72/. The armature lever j of relay 3' is connected by wire 10 through the winding of relay is and alocal battery 50 the front stop j of the relay ice ;me t of the apparatus is such that during the per od that the main line relay h is energized, which corresponds with the period during which, at the sending station, the line is closed to the battery and three dot signals are there locally produced, three dot signals will be correspondingly produced, as described, at the receiving station. A local manifestation of the dots at the transmitter is for the guidance of the transmitting operator. In this Way, a single continuous signal impulse may be transmitted and be locally, at the receiver, automatically disintegrated into the number of dot signals which it represents, such dot signals being audibly manitested as usual to the receiving operator. Obviously, the received dot signals are uniform v and the sending o )erator, being re: lieved of the labor of producing each dot by separate manipulation of his key, may transmit more rapidly and without the nervous.

strain and fatigue incident to mani ulation of an ordianry telegraph key. I'e may,

therefore, transmit at a'higher speed and the dot signals transmitted W1 1 be uniform irrespective of any peculiarity or the personal equation of the individual operator. The speed. of transmission is dependent upon the capacity of the receiving operator to read by ear the received signals ;-or, by the use of ordinary recording devices, the received signals may be recorded at such s eed as the transmitting o erator is capa le of attaining. The lever of relay 7c may be limited in its movement to. practically a noiseless degree so that j alone sounds the signals.

When the key a is moved to the left, the entire transmitting battery MB'is connected by wire 11, spring contact 6, key and wire 1 to line. At the same time, the local circuit of rela 1g is closed froni the key, through Wire 2, local attery I b and by wire 12 to contact 0 of the key, so that as long as the key is held to the left, the armature levers of relays f and 9 remain attracted. so sent to line may represent a dash an is of such strength as to cause it to energize the main line receiving relays h i. The front stop '5 of the dash receiving relay i is connected b wire 13 through local battery Z b thence t irough the winding .of relay j; and thence by wire 14 to armature lever 21 of main line relay i. So long therefore as this armature lever is closed against its front stop, the armature levers of the relays 7' and The generator im ulse k are permanently attracted and are relcased when the continuous impulse representin g a dash ceases and thereby the receiving 0 erator is audibly apprised of the receive dash signal. 1

It would be (lillicult, if not impracticable,

to tap a circuit of this character since the signals to be received upon an ordinary telegraphic receiving outfit would befor the. v

poles connected to kc contacts I), b. hen

the key is closed-to tie right one pole of the battery is put to line; the local circuit of relay f is closed and automatically opened at contacts of relay g to )roduce dot signals.

To provide for longer or ieavier (lots, a third local relay g is interposed betweenrelag s f and g to slow the action of sounder f. he

line impulse so transmitted moves the centrally biased armature lever of the receiving main line polarized relay m to its lower stop,

as viewed in Fig. 2, thereby com leting the circuit of local rela j which inclu es the sep-' arable but normal y closed contacts of local relay 7c between which relay and a third relay lr is interposed. As before, t e continuous main circuit impulse is converted automatically into the corresponding number of dot signals. When the transmitting key isthrown to" the left the opposite pole of main battery is put to line and the local circuit of relay f remains closed. The armature lever of main line polarized relay m is thrown to its upper stop, closing the local circuit of relay y, as long as such contact is maintained, the'signal manifested or recorded at the receiving station being a dash.

Fig. 2 shows a modification in which'the polarized line relay m is replaced by two iascd polarized relays. The operation is obviously the same.

Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of divided main battery and neutral receiving relays with the interposition of a third local relay g at the transmitter and k at the receiver to retard the-rapidity with whichthe solid impulses are converted automatically into a corresponding series of dot signals.

The speed of automatic action of the receiving apparatus is easily regulated by adjustment of movement of lovers of the local relays, or by changing the tension of their retractile springs. Such increase of play of the levers, or of tension of the springs, willv causeslowerautomaticity. Themiddlerelay of ilsoll' affords ample bounds of speed regulation to bring the receiving set incorresponding movement with the transmitting tell-tale set.

1 claim as my invention:

1. In telegraphy, a method of transmission consisting in locally producing at a transmitting station code dots and dashes,

' simultaneously transmitting to a receiving ting station short code (lot signals, simultaneously transmitting to a receiving station a long slgnal Whose length is determined by the number of said dots and locally converting at the receiver said long signal into the producing at a transmit-v same number of dots locally produced at the transmitting station.

3. In telegraphy, a' method of transmission, consistlng in transmitting a signal of one kind, locally at the transmitter simultaneousl producing a group of signals of another (ind, and at the receiver locally converting the transmitted signal into a group of signals corresponding with those produced at the receiver. a

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed m name.

PATRICK B. DELANY.

Witnesses:

.KATHARINE MAoMAHoN, L. F. BROWNING. 

